Author: Nathaniel Stekler

Summary
In this paper, I create a mid-range model that explains how homelessness can affect a child’s attachment style. To do so, I will first discuss the core elements of attachment theory and its relevance in the homeless context. Then I will introduce the mid-range model. I will then discuss the factors that contribute to and perpetuate homelessness in the United States. From that, I will describe each aspect of the model, and provide empirical evidence to support it. Finally, I will address the limitations of the model, areas for further research, and future directions for the model itself.

Author: David C. Bell

Summary
In the historical trajectory of attachment theory, there were crossroads where choices were made to take one theoretical path rather than another. At each of these crossroads I will explore an alternate path to enlarge the scope of attachment theory. In following these different paths, I will (a) choose to distinguish “connection” as the combination of attachment plus caregiving rather than using “attachment” to refer to both; (b) consider enlarging the motivations in addition to fear that instigate attachment; (c) examine emotional motivations that seem to activate attachment and caregiving; and (d) reconceptualize the concept of level of attachment.